| Butternut, White Walnut
Scientific Name: Juglans cinerea Distribution: Eastern United States Tree Size: 65-100 ft (20-30 m) tall, 2-3 ft (.6-1 m) trunk diameter Average Dried Weight: 27 lbs/ft3 (435 kg/m3) Specific Gravity (Basic, 12% MC): .36, .43 Janka Hardness: 490 lbf (2,180 N) Modulus of Rupture: 8,100 lbf/in2 (55.9 MPa) Elastic Modulus: 1,180,000 lbf/in2 (8.14 GPa) Crushing Strength: 5,110 lbf/in2 (35.2 MPa) Shrinkage: Radial: 3.4%, Tangential: 6.4%, Volumetric: 10.6%, T/R Ratio: 1.9 |
Color/Appearance: Heartwood is usually a light to medium tan, sometimes with a reddish tint. Growth rings are darker and form fairly distinct grain patterns. Sapwood is a pale yellowish white.
Grain/Texture: Grain is typically straight, with a medium to coarse texture. Silky natural luster.
Endgrain: Semi-ring-porous; medium-large earlywood pores gradually decreasing to small latewood pores; solitary and radial multiples of 2-3; tyloses occasionally to abundantly present; growth rings distinct; rays barely visible without lens; parenchyma banded (marginal), apotracheal parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates (sometimes very faint and barely visible even with lens).
Rot Resistance: Decay resistance is rated as moderately durable to non-durable.; also susceptible to insect attack.
Workability: Butternut is easily worked with both hand and machine tools. However, being so soft, Butternut has a tendency to leave some fuzzy surfaces after planing or sanding, and sharp cutters and fine-grit sandpaper is recommended. Butternut glues, stains, and finishes well.
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